
| And releated to the .torrent extension read this
The TORRENT file extension is associated with Bittorent, a peer-to-peer file-distribution protocol, that lets users download fast large files without putting too much load on one single download server.
Although frequently referred to as "downloading", the BitTorrent protocol relies on all users to be recipients and distributors of the .torrent files. While the users are downloading the content of the BitTorrent archive, they are also also helping to distribute it to other users. It is not possible to download without uploading, although you can of course set restrictions on bandwidth usage.
The .torrent files are basically BitTorrent's equivalent to ed2k links used in the eDonkey network. In essence files with the torrent file extension contain instructions for BitTorrent compatible P2P clients about where they can find the "tracker" for the downloaded file, a hashed checksum that verifies for the client that it is actually downloading the correct file, and the full name and size of the downloaded files.
The .torrent files are essentially very small files that simply contain some textual data about the downloaded file itself. Thus, downloading the .torrent file itself takes only few seconds, but the file is not downloaded from a P2P network. Instead, the .torrent files are typically hosted on a standard web servers and can be even passed via email or as simple intra-application process in some clients.
When the files with .torrent extension are executed on a computer with with a BitTorrent compatible client installed in it, the application starts the downloading process with the use of the information contained in the .torrent file.
At present, the torrents are also used by many companies to share their products. For example Blizzard Entertainment is using BitTorrent (via a proprietary client called the Blizzard Downloader) to distribute most content for World of Warcraft, including the game client itself.
Also many other software games, especially those whose large size makes them difficult to host due to bandwidth limits, extremely frequent downloads, and unpredictable changes in network traffic, will instead distribute a specialized, stripped down bittorrent client with enough functionality to download the game from the other running clients and the primary server (which is maintained in case not enough peers are available). Many major open source and free software projects encourage BitTorrent as well as conventional downloads of their products (via HTTP, FTP etc) to increase availability and to reduce load on their own servers, especially when dealing with larger files.
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